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1、本科畢業(yè)論文外文翻譯本科畢業(yè)論文外文翻譯外文題目：外文題目：TechnologicalDiffusionInvestmentBehaviour:TheCaseoftheTextileIndustry出處：處：ReviewofWldEconomics1989Volume125Number4Pages782803作者：者：CristianoAntonelliPalPetitGabrielTahar原文：文：TechnologicalDiff

2、usionInvestmentBehaviour:TheCaseoftheTextileIndustryIIntroductionThediffusionoftechnologicalinnovationincpatedinnewcapitalgoodsistheresultofinvestmentdecisionswhichareinfluencedbytwoclassesoffacts:theacteristicsoftheinno

3、vationthemacroeconomicenvironmentinwhichtheadoptersoperate.Ouraiminthispaperistoexplaintheroleplayedbythesefactsintheadoptionprocessatindustrylevel.Themacroeconomicenvironmentinwhichfirmsoperatereferstosuchfactsasdemtren

4、dsrelativeproductioncostsoverallcompetitiveness.Technologicalfactsreferontheonehtothecapacitiesofthenewmachines(theirexpectedprofitability)ontheotherhtotheavailabilityofinfmationoftheknowhowtowhichtheusersmusthaveaccess.

5、Stickinessofinfmationrigidityoflearningprocessesgenerateasymmetriesbetweenfirmswhichcombinewithstructuraldifferencestodetermineadoptiondiffusionprocesses.Theinternationaldiffusionofshuttlelessloomsinthecottonweavingindus

6、tryinthelateseventiesearlyeightiesseemstoprovideevidenceofthejointeffectInspinningtheopenendtechnologysubstitutedtheringatleastin“l(fā)owmediumcounts“products.Inweavingshuttlelessloomswereintroduced.Infinishingavarietyofelec

7、tronicdevicesmadetheautomatisationofbleachingdyeingprintingpossible.Thetechnologicalbreakthroughtsonwhicheachoftheseinnovationsarebasedwereconceivedfirstintroducedafewdecadesago.Themostrecentisinfacttheopenendspinningtec

8、hnologywhichwasintroducedinCzechoslovakiainthelatefifties.Thisstudywillconsideronlythecaseoftheshuttlelessloominitsanalysisofdiffusionbecausethediffusionprocesstookplacemainlyintheearlyeightieswhilediffusionwasjustbeginn

9、inginthecaseofspinningfinishinginnovations.Initselfthecaseoftheshuttlelessloomisquiteinteresting(seealsoAntonelli1986).RudolfRossmanaGermantextileengineerpatentedthebasictechnologyofshuttlelessloomsin1928.In1931hispatent

10、swereboughtbytheSulzerBrotherCompanyofWinterthurinSwitzerlafirmtraditionallyinvolvedinsteamdieselengineswithnoexpertiseintextileengineering.Thefirstindustrialproductionofshuttlelessactuallyatthattimelightshuttleloomsstar

11、tedinthefifties.Sincethenawaveofincrementaltechnicalchangeshavebeenintroducedtoreducetheweightoftheshuttlelatelytoreplacetheshuttleitselfwithotherdevices:suchasmetalprojectilesgrippersrecentlywaterjets.Advancesalongsucha

12、trajectyaresummarizedinTable1whichgivesyearsofindustrialproductioncrespondingwkingspeedsofeachtypeofloom.OnlywhenshuttlelessloomsreachedthestardwidthofoperationtheycanbeconsideredassubstitutesofconventionalloomsseeNabset

13、hRay1974.Thusairwaterjetloomswereavailablesincethesixtiesbutsincethensignificantchangeshadtobemadetoincreasethewidthofoperationfromiginal5060inchestostard130inches.Attheendoftheseventiesthemodernshuttlelessloomwasabletow

14、kataspeedof600knotsperminutewithmuchlowerlevelsofnoiselabourinput.Shuttlelessloomshowevercostalmostastwiceasshuttlelooms.Thispricedifferentialhassofarbeenquitestableduetothenatureofthetextilemachineryindustry.Onlyafewfir

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