試論法國(guó)和德意志民族主義的形成.pdf

1、山東大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文試論法國(guó)和德意志民族主義的形成姓名：柳文杰申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別：碩士專(zhuān)業(yè)：世界史指導(dǎo)教師：鄭群20091020山東大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文ABSTRACTNationalismfirstoriginatedfromthe17thcenturyBritain，thenspreadtoEuropeandAmericaandcoverseverystatein20thcenturyNationalism，asonepartofthemos

2、tmightypoliticalandsocialpowerdirectlyinfluencedtheevolutionofsocietyandhistoryBeingoneofthesignificantculturaltrendsandpoliticalpowers，nationalismhasdirectedcountlesscombination，division，independence，conflictandevenwars

3、amongstatesandnationsIntheintegrationandglobalizationofthepresenttime，nationalproblemshavestillexisted，andbecomethemoststrikingandinfluencingelementsofinternationalrelationsandworldpoliciesafterColdWarIntheformingprocess

4、ofthemodemnation—states，F(xiàn)ranceandGermanyarethemosttypicalonesInFrance，nationalismworksasdemocracyFranceestablishedautocraticmonarchycountryinthe15thcenturyAsthedevelopmentofthecapitalism，feudalautocraticmonarchyshoweddee

5、pcrisis，leadingtOthebirthoftheEnlightenmentFrenchenlightenmentthinkerscombinedopposingfeudalautocratickingshipwithfightingfor“democracy’，‘republicanism’’andthethoughtsofpatriotismandnationloving，whichbecomestheoutstandin

6、gfeatureofFrenchnationalismtheoryAndRousseaulaidtheacademicfoundationoftheFrenchdemocraticnationalismFrenchRevolutionestablishedmodemnation—statebydemolishingfeudalautocraticmonarchythuspromotedthefinalestablishmentofmod

7、emwestEuropeannationalismAstheprincipalsponsorofthetwoworldwars，Germanyhasbecomeamostimportanteconomiccountryintheworld，withitspeculiarnationalspirithavingasignificantroleinitsownhistoricaldevelopmentGermanNationalconsci

8、ousnesshassproutedinMiddleAgeandinthelate18mcenturyCulturalNationalism，onthebehalfofHerderhasbeensetup，whichhasbroughtabouttheuniteofGermanculturebutitspoliticsremaineddividedNotuntiltheperiodofFrenchRevolutionandNapoleo

9、nWarhadtheculturalnationalismtransferredintopoliticalnationalismInnearlyhalfacentury’Sexploration，GermannationalismhasbecomemoreandmorematurewiththeguidanceofwhichGermanhasunitedbyforcesBeatingthecharacteristicsoffeudali

10、smandmilitarism，Germanynationalismmakesthenation—statebefeaturedwithstrongextemalaggrandizementWiththeestablishmentofnationstate，F(xiàn)rance，Germanyrealizednationalism，andsteppedintomodemizedsocietyTheyaleallwiththeirownfeatu